영문법 텝스문법 법 (2)

◈ 가정법 과거완료 / 혼합가정
1. If + S + had p.p., S + {would/should/could/might} + have p.p..
(ex) They would have been here by now If they had caught the early train.
(그들이 일찍 기타를 탔었더라면 지금쯤이면 그들이 여기 왔을 거야.)
If the semester had ended two days earlier, we could have gone to Busan.
(학기가 이틀만 일찍 끝났더라면, 우리가 부산에 갈 수 있었을 텐데.)


2. If + S + had p.p., S + {would/should/could/might} + RV.
If + S + 과거시제, S + {would/should/could/might} + have p.p..
(ex) You would know what was going on if you had listened.
(집중해서 들었더라면, 무슨 일이 벌어지는지 알거야.)
If the doctor had been called earlier, she would still be alive today.
(의사를 조금 일찍 불렀더라면, 그녀가 오늘까지도 여전히 살아있을 텐데.)
If you performed regular checkup, you could have prevented the system failure.
(정기점검을 했더라면, 시스템 고장을 피할 수 있었을 거야.)



◈ 가정법 미래
1. If + S + should RV/were to, S + {would/should/shall/will} + RV.
(ex) If you should have any difficulties, please contact the manager at any time.
(어려움을 겪게 되거든, 언제든 매니저에게 연락하세요.)
Were the boss to come in now, we‘d be in real trouble.
(상관이 지금 온다면, 우리는 정말 곤란해질 거야.)
If you happen to meet Eric, tell him to give me a call.
(Eric을 만나게 되면, 나한테 전화하라고 해.)
If you should see Caroline, tell her I’ve got the tickets.
(Caroline을 만나면, 내가 표를 갖고 있다고 말해줘.)
(cf.) If you would succeed, you would have to do your best. [주어의 의지]
(네가 성공하고자 한다면, 최선을 다해야 할 것이야.)


2. know, like, remember, understand등은 were to-v를 사용하지 않는다
(ex) If I < knew / were to know > they were honest, I‘d lend them the money.
(그들이 정직하다고 하면 돈을 빌려줄 거야.)
(cf.) If you were to move over, we could all sit on the sofa.
(네가 옆으로 이동하면 우리 모두 소파에 앉을 수 있을 거야.)
[제안을 할 때 이 용법을 사용하면 더 공손한 느낌을 준다]



◈ 가정법 미래에서 lest의 용법
lest ~ should = so that S may not : ~하지 않기 위해서
(ex) I was in mortal fear lest(= that) she (should) see me.
(그녀가 나를 볼까봐 죽음의 공포를 느꼈다.)
There was danger lest he be murdered.
(그가 살해당할 위험이 있었다.)
They kept watch all night lest robbers should come.
(강도가 들지 않도록 밤새도록 감시했다.)
We had to be careful lest the news should become known too early.
(소식이 너무 빨리 퍼지지 않도록 조심해야 했다.)
I hid the tape carefully lest(or for fear) (that) the children should see it.
(아이들이 보지 못하도록 테이프를 조심스럽게 숨겼다.)