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<샤를리에브도 테러 1년> 프랑스 제1의 가치는 자유보다 안전
테러 희생자 명판 제막, 추모 식수 행사…"IS 척결에 앞장"
"佛, 이민자 통합에 실패했다" 사회 일각서 자성의 목소리도
프랑스 시사 주간지 '샤를리 에브도' 테러가 일어난 지 7일(이하 현지시간)로 꼭 1주년을 맞는다.
'프랑스판 9·11 테러'로 일컬어지는 이 사건을 시작으로 지난 한 해 잇따른 테러는 프랑스 사회의 모습을 크게 바꾸어 놓았다.
자유와 평등, 박애의 프랑스 대혁명 이념을 자랑했던 프랑스에서 테러 이후 국경을 닫아 이민자를 막자고 주장하며 이슬람에 적대적인 극우정당이 큰 인기를 끄는 이례적인 모습이 나타났다.
◇ 샤를리 에브도 테러 1주년 삼엄한 경계 속 기념행사
지난해 1월 샤를리 에브도와 유대인 식료품점 연쇄 테러에 이어 지난해 11월 파리 연쇄 테러까지 당한 터라 프랑스 정부는 삼엄한 경계 속에 1주년 행사를 준비하고 있다.
파리시는 5일 파리 시내에 있는 샤를리 에브도 전 사무실과 인질극이 벌어진 유대인 식료품점 등 지난해 1월 테러 발생 장소에서 17명의 희생자를 추모하는 명판을 공개했다.
이날 행사에는 프랑수아 올랑드 대통령과 안 이달고 파리 시장, 희생자 유족 등이 참석했다.
이어 10일에는 파리 시내 레퓌블리크 광장에서 올랑드 대통령 주재 하에 테러 희생자를 기억하는 뜻에서 10ｍ 높이의 참나무 심기 행사를 열 예정이다.
레퓌블리크 광장은 테러 직후 언론의 자유와 민주주의 가치를 옹호하는 대중 집회가 매일 같이 열렸던 곳이다.
프랑스 정부는 지난 1일 샤를리 에브도 테러로 사망한 만화가 샤르브와 유대인 인질극 때 숨진 인질 등을 프랑스 최고 권위의 레지옹 도뇌르 훈장 수훈자로 선정했다.
지난해 1월 7일 이슬람 극단주의자 쿠아치 형제는 정치인과 종교 지도자를 서슴지 않고 풍자한 샤를리 에브도 사무실에 난입해 총기를 난사, 편집장 샤르브 등 12명이 숨졌다.
예멘 알카에다에서 훈련받은 테러범들은 샤를리 에브도가 과거 이슬람 예언자 무함마드를 만평의 소재로 삼은 데 대한 보복이라고 주장했다.
또 다른 테러범인 아메디 쿨리발리는 샤를리 에브도 테러 이튿날 경찰관 한 명을, 9일에는 파리 유대인 식료품점에서 인질극을 벌여 4명의 인질을 각각 살해했다.
쿠아치 형제와 쿨리발리는 지난해 1월 9일 오후 경찰의 진압 작전으로 사살됐다.
샤를리 에브도는 테러 발생 1주기를 맞아 6일 특집호를 펴낸다.
표지에는 '총을 멘 신'의 그림과 함께 "1년이 지났으나 암살자는 여전히 도망 다니고 있다"는 문구가 적혀 있다.
특집호는 100만 부가 발행될 예정이다.
◇ 샤를리 에브도, 11월 파리 연쇄 테러로 '국민 안전' 제1의 가치로
샤를리 에브도에 이어 지난해 11월 130명이 사망한 이슬람 극단주의자의 파리 연쇄 테러까지 당하면서 프랑스 사회는 큰 충격을 받았다.
대혁명 이념과 같이 긍정적인 메시지를 전면에 내세웠던 프랑스에서는 이제 '테러와 전쟁' 및 '국민 안전'이 제1의 화두가 됐다.
샤를리 에브도 테러 이후 프랑스에는 표현의 자유를 지지하는 긍정적 활력이 넘쳤으나 파리 연쇄 테러 이후에는 공포와 분노가 프랑스인을 사로잡았다.
샤를리 에브도 테러범 진압 작전 이틀 뒤인 지난해 1월 11일 세계 각국 지도자와 400만 명의 프랑스 시민은 거리에 나와 행진하면서 샤를리 에브도와 연대를 표시했다.
샤를리 에브도 테러 이후 표현의 자유 수호와 테러에 대한 저항의 뜻을 담은 프랑스어 '내가 샤를리다'(Je suis Charlie)라는 구호는 사회관계망 서비스(SNS) 해시태그로 전 세계에 퍼졌다.
테러범들이 프랑스에서 나고 자란 이민자 후손이라는데 큰 충격을 받은 프랑스에서는 이민자 통합이 실패했다는 자성의 목소리도 나왔다.
그러나 샤를리 에브도 테러 10개월 만인 지난해 11월 13일 파리에서 제2차 세계 대전 이후 프랑스 최악의 테러가 터지면서 사회 분위기는 급변했다.
수니파 극단주의 무장조직 '이슬람 국가'(IS)가 파리 시내·외에서 벌인 동시 다발 테러로 130명의 시민이 사망하고 350명이 다치자 프랑스 정부는 국가비상사태를 선포됐다.
올랑드 대통령은 파리 연쇄 테러의 배후인 IS와 전쟁을 선포하고 시리아와 이라크 내 IS 공습에 앞장서고 있다.
이런 분위기에서 지난달 치러진 지방선거 1차 투표에서는 반 이민, 반 이슬람을 주장하는 극우정당인 국민전선(FN)이 28%의 지지율로 1위를 차지했다.
샤를리 에브도 테러 이후 "프랑스에 지리적·사회적·인종적 아파르트헤이트(인종차별 정책) 문제가 드러났다"며 사회 통합 실패를 자인했던 마뉘엘 발스 총리는 11월 파리 연쇄 테러 이후에는 "프랑스 국민이 안전하다고 여기는 게 제일 우선이며 지금은 우리 사회 문제에 대해 논쟁할 때가 아니다"고 달라진 모습을 보였다.
또 중도 좌파인 집권 사회당 정부가 테러를 저지른 자국민의 국적을 박탈하고 국가비상사태에 따른 영장 없는 수색 등을 합법화하기 위한 개헌을 추진하면서 진보 진영에서 반대의 목소리가 나오는 등 혼란한 모습도 보이고 있다. (연합)
<관련 영문 기사>
France marks first anniversary of Charlie Hebdo attack
French President Francois Hollande on Tuesday honoured the victims of the jihadist rampage a year ago in Paris that began with an assault on satirical weekly Charlie Hebdo, but the widow of a slain police bodyguard said she was taking legal action over alleged security failings.
Hollande began the commemorations by inaugurating a plaque at Charlie Hebdo’s former offices, where cartoonists who were household names in France, nicknamed Cabu, Wolinski and Charb, were killed along with nine others by radicalised brothers Said and Cherif Kouachi.
But Ingrid Brinsolaro, the widow of Charb’s bodyguard Franck Brinsolaro who was killed alongside him in the attack on January 7, 2015, said she had filed a lawsuit claiming that her husband was left vulnerable because Charlie Hebdo was inadequately protected.
“To me, Franck was sacrificed, there’s no other word for it. He saw shortcomings, he regretted the lack of security at the offices. He said it was a ‘sieve’ and it was impossible to do his job right in those conditions,” she said on French television Tuesday.
In the two days after the attack on Charlie Hebdo, a policewoman and four Jews at a kosher supermarket were shot dead by another jihadist, Amedy Coulibaly.
Dubbed “France’s 9/11”, the attacks marked the start of a string of jihadist strikes in France that culminated in the November 13 attacks in Paris that left 130 dead.
The massacre at Charlie Hebdo unleashed an outpouring of solidarity for freedom of expression, with the rallying cry “Je Suis Charlie” taken up around the world.
After Tuesday’s sombre ceremony, Hollande could be seen embracing cartoonist Georges Wolinski’s widow Maryse.
Red-faced authorities admitted later that they had misspelled Wolinski’s name on the plaque, and rapidly corrected the error.
The president and Paris Mayor Anne Hidalgo unveiled a separate plaque nearby at the site where one of the gunmen shot police officer Ahmed Merabet as he lay on the pavement.
They went on to unveil a third plaque at Hyper Cacher, the kosher store in an eastern suburb where three shoppers and an employee were killed during a horrifying hostage drama.
Hollande greeted Lassana Bathily, the Muslim worker at the supermarket credited with saving many shoppers’ lives by helping them hide in an underground cold room and later helping police to mount the raid in which they killed Coulibaly.
Bathily, a Malian who was given French nationality in the wake of the attacks, told AFP: “It’s sad... In our hearts, we are here, offering support to their (the victims’) families.”
On Saturday, a fourth plaque is to be unveiled at the site in the southern suburb of Montrouge where Coulibaly gunned down a policewoman.
Commemorations will culminate in a public event Sunday in the Place de la Republique, the vast square that has become the rallying point for “Je Suis Charlie” solidarity and for the mourning after the November 13 carnage.
An oak “remembrance tree” standing some 10 metres (35 feet) tall will be planted in the square.
Veteran rocker Johnny Hallyday will perform “Un Dimanche de Janvier” (One January Sunday), a song recalling the vast march in Paris that attracted 1.6 million people on January 11, 2015.
Dozens of world leaders including British Prime Minister David Cameron, German Chancellor Angela Merkel and Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu attended the march.
Charlie Hebdo had been a target for jihadist attack since publishing cartoons of the Prophet Mohammed cartoons in 2006 and its offices were firebombed in 2011.
Responding to the claims from the bodyguard’s widow, Interior Minister Bernard Cazeneuve defended the decision to reduce security at the magazine’s offices before the attack, saying the authorities had determined that jihadists had shifted to targeting soldiers and police.
Charlie Hebdo, whose biting, often vulgar humour has spared no religion or political persuasion, will publish a special commemorative edition on Wednesday.
True to form, the cover is unabashedly provocative, featuring a Kalashnikov-toting God figure wearing a blood-stained white robe, under the
headline: “One year on: The killer is still at large.”
In an editorial, cartoonist Riss, who survived the attack, said his colleagues had been killed “for having dared laugh at religion”. (AFP)
France marks first anniversary of Charlie Hebdo attack
French President Francois Hollande on Tuesday honoured the victims of the jihadist rampage a year ago in Paris that began with an assault on satirical weekly Charlie Hebdo, but the widow of a slain police bodyguard said she was taking legal action over alleged security failings.
Hollande began the commemorations by inaugurating a plaque at Charlie Hebdo’s former offices, where cartoonists who were household names in France, nicknamed Cabu, Wolinski and Charb, were killed along with nine others by radicalised brothers Said and Cherif Kouachi.
But Ingrid Brinsolaro, the widow of Charb’s bodyguard Franck Brinsolaro who was killed alongside him in the attack on January 7, 2015, said she had filed a lawsuit claiming that her husband was left vulnerable because Charlie Hebdo was inadequately protected.
“To me, Franck was sacrificed, there’s no other word for it. He saw shortcomings, he regretted the lack of security at the offices. He said it was a ‘sieve’ and it was impossible to do his job right in those conditions,” she said on French television Tuesday.
In the two days after the attack on Charlie Hebdo, a policewoman and four Jews at a kosher supermarket were shot dead by another jihadist, Amedy Coulibaly.
Dubbed “France’s 9/11”, the attacks marked the start of a string of jihadist strikes in France that culminated in the November 13 attacks in Paris that left 130 dead.
The massacre at Charlie Hebdo unleashed an outpouring of solidarity for freedom of expression, with the rallying cry “Je Suis Charlie” taken up around the world.
After Tuesday’s sombre ceremony, Hollande could be seen embracing cartoonist Georges Wolinski’s widow Maryse.
Red-faced authorities admitted later that they had misspelled Wolinski’s name on the plaque, and rapidly corrected the error.
The president and Paris Mayor Anne Hidalgo unveiled a separate plaque nearby at the site where one of the gunmen shot police officer Ahmed Merabet as he lay on the pavement.
They went on to unveil a third plaque at Hyper Cacher, the kosher store in an eastern suburb where three shoppers and an employee were killed during a horrifying hostage drama.
Hollande greeted Lassana Bathily, the Muslim worker at the supermarket credited with saving many shoppers’ lives by helping them hide in an underground cold room and later helping police to mount the raid in which they killed Coulibaly.
Bathily, a Malian who was given French nationality in the wake of the attacks, told AFP: “It’s sad... In our hearts, we are here, offering support to their (the victims’) families.”
On Saturday, a fourth plaque is to be unveiled at the site in the southern suburb of Montrouge where Coulibaly gunned down a policewoman.
Commemorations will culminate in a public event Sunday in the Place de la Republique, the vast square that has become the rallying point for “Je Suis Charlie” solidarity and for the mourning after the November 13 carnage.
An oak “remembrance tree” standing some 10 metres (35 feet) tall will be planted in the square.
Veteran rocker Johnny Hallyday will perform “Un Dimanche de Janvier” (One January Sunday), a song recalling the vast march in Paris that attracted 1.6 million people on January 11, 2015.
Dozens of world leaders including British Prime Minister David Cameron, German Chancellor Angela Merkel and Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu attended the march.
Charlie Hebdo had been a target for jihadist attack since publishing cartoons of the Prophet Mohammed cartoons in 2006 and its offices were firebombed in 2011.
Responding to the claims from the bodyguard’s widow, Interior Minister Bernard Cazeneuve defended the decision to reduce security at the magazine’s offices before the attack, saying the authorities had determined that jihadists had shifted to targeting soldiers and police.
Charlie Hebdo, whose biting, often vulgar humour has spared no religion or political persuasion, will publish a special commemorative edition on Wednesday.
True to form, the cover is unabashedly provocative, featuring a Kalashnikov-toting God figure wearing a blood-stained white robe, under the
headline: “One year on: The killer is still at large.”
In an editorial, cartoonist Riss, who survived the attack, said his colleagues had been killed “for having dared laugh at religion”. (AFP)
